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| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2006 | Volume
: 52
| Issue : 1 | Page : 5-10 |
Cardiovascular involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: An autopsy study of 27 patients in India
L Panchal, Smita Divate, P Vaideeswar, SP Pandit
Department of Pathology, Seth G. S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Parel, Mumbai-400012, India
Correspondence Address:
Smita Divate
Department of Pathology, Seth G. S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Parel, Mumbai-400012
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
PMID: 16534157 
Background: Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) is recognized as a leading cause of death in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in western countries, there is hardly any data regarding Indian subjects with SLE.
Aims: To determine the incidence of cardiac abnormalities and vascular lesions at autopsy and to assess their contribution to the mortality in patients with SLE
Settings and Design: Retrospective retrieval of reports of autopsies performed on 35 patients with SLE over a 11 year period and analysis of 27 cases with cardiac and/or vascular lesions.
Materials and Methods: Gross and microscopic features in 27 autopsies were analyzed with special attention to the heart and the vasculature of all organs. Findings were correlated with clinical features and ante-mortem investigations. Their contribution towards mortality was assessed.
Results: Valvar lesions were the commonest cardiac lesions noted with non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis in nine (33.33%), valvar thickening in two (7.41%), Libman-Sacks endocarditis and infective endocarditis in one (3.70%) each. Myocarditis and myocardial scarring were seen in 10 (37.03%) and seven (25.92%) cases, respectively. Fibrinous pericarditis was noted in seven (25.92%). Thromboses/ embolism, vasculitis and severe coronary atherosclerosis were seen in nine (33.33%), five (18.52%) and one (3.70%) subjects, respectively. Renal disease [13, 48.14%] and cardiovascular manifestations [8, 29.62%] were the leading causes of death in our patient population.
Conclusion: CVD contributes significantly to the mortality in patients with SLE in India. It is second only to renal disease in this regard
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