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| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 1990 | Volume
: 36
| Issue : 3 | Page : 164-6 |
Pulse rate, pre-competition tension and performance in 10,000 meter elite runners of both sexes.
De AK, Debnath PK, Roy AS, Murthy CR
Department of Physiology Institute of Med. Sci., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
Correspondence Address:
Department of Physiology Institute of Med. Sci., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
Five male and 3 female runners who participated in 10,000 meter distance run in South Asian Federation (SAF) Games, 1987 were volunteered for this pilot study. The pulse rate at rest, 1 hour prior to competition and post-run for 30 min at 5 min intervals were recorded. It was observed that the runners who showed less rise of pulse prior to competition, performed better. This might be attributed to less pre-competition tension in them which helped the athletes to perform better.
How to cite this article:
De A K, Debnath P K, Roy A S, Murthy C R. Pulse rate, pre-competition tension and performance in 10,000 meter elite runners of both sexes. J Postgrad Med 1990;36:164 |
How to cite this URL:
De A K, Debnath P K, Roy A S, Murthy C R. Pulse rate, pre-competition tension and performance in 10,000 meter elite runners of both sexes. J Postgrad Med [serial online] 1990 [cited 2023 Sep 28];36:164. Available from: https://www.jpgmonline.com/text.asp?1990/36/3/164/840 |
Healthy individuals, while working within their aerobic capacities exhibit a linear relationship, between the oxygen consumption, cardiac output and pulse rate. However, trained persons having higher level of physical efficiency can perform the aerobic work with less increase of pulse rate. Further, in long distance runners anacrobic threshold (AT) level is an important determinant of the performance standard and accordingly pulse and respiration rates at AT level also go up disproportionately[6]. It is also interesting to note that recovery of pulse rate and time to pretest level is earlier in better physically fit individuals[1],[4]. In field situations therefore, pulse rate at various intervals of time (pre-and post-exercise) is considered as an important parameter for quick and easy assessment of athlete's physical fitness including the state of precompetition tension[2],[3].
The present pilot study was therefore, undertaken to record pulse rate at rest, 1 hour before competition and after competition of 10,000 metre run at various intervals on the elite sportsmen and women to understand relationship of pulse with the performance level especially during competitive situations.
The athletes of both sexes, 5 males and 3 females who participated in 10,000 metre race in 3rd South Asia Federation (SAF) Games (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Srilanka), held in Calcutta 1987, volunteered for this study. Their age, height and weight were recorded [Table - 1]
The morning resting pulse, and around an hour prior to competition before their warming up were noted. Pulse rates were also recorded immediately after the competition of race and subsequently at intervals of 5 min. upto 30 min of recovery [Table - 2].
The mean resting pulse rates of male and female athletes were 55.6 plus-minus 4.49 (48-60) and 60.0 plus-minus? 2.0 (58-62) respectively. The lower resting pulse in athletes is probably due to the effect of prolonged training. The same recorded during pre-competition (around an hour before to exclude the effect of warming up) were 67.20 plus-minus 5.90 (58-72) for males and 66.60 plus-minus 3.05 (64-70) for females. The observed raised mean values in comparison with resting pulse were probably due to pre-competition tension. Within first min of recovery, mean pulse was 143.20 plus-minus 3.63 (140-148) and 146.60 plus-minus 4.16 (142-150) for male and female atheletes respectively. However, in both sexes, though there was a gradual fall in pulse rate with the progress of resting period, it was not recovered to pre-competition rate even after 30 min of their completion of event.
On further analysis, it was observed that the athletes A, B and C who completed the race earlier than subjects D and E had all shown the increase in pulse rate of 10/min at 1 hour before the competition in comparison with their resting pulse rates. Both the subjects D and E, whereas had shown the increase of 16/min. Such higher degree of increase in pulse at 1 hour before competition probably indicated more pre-competition tension in subjects D and E than those of A, B and C. While comparing their performance timing, it was noted that both D and E took more time than A, B and C.
An increase of pulse from pre-competition stage to 1st min recovery was observed to be highest in male subject A (i.e. 82 min); whereas lowest (76/min) in A1 one of the female athletes min. On close analysis, of recovery pulse of it was observed that rate of fall followed a particular trend in female atheletes (i.e. who completed first had lowest and highest who finished third). Such a trend was absent in male athletes. However, least change was noted in subjects A, B and C from resting to precompetition rate, indicating minimum pre-competition tension. Further, the joy of position holders and disappointment or sorrow of the late runners might also influence the recovery pattern in addition to their fitness level.
In this pilot study on elite athletes it was therefore, concluded that in competitive events, participants having least pre- competition tension probably perform better.
| 1. |
De AK, Debnath PK, Roy DC, Nagchaudhuri J. A Comparison of physical efficiency between Indian physical education and medical students. Brit J Sports Med 1978; 12:93-96.  |
| 2. | Hermansen L, Andersen KL. Aerobic work capacity in young Norwegian men and women. J Appl Physiol 1965; 20:425-431. |
| 3. | LeBlance JA. Use of heart as an index of work output. J Appl Physiol 1957; 10:275-280. |
| 4. | Sharman IM, Dowm MG, Norgan NG. The effects of vitamin E on physiological function and athletic performance of trained swimmers. J Sports Med 1976; 16:215-225. |
| 5. | Thomason H. Circulation in exercise. In: "Basic Book of Sports Medicine". International Olympic Committee. Olympic Solidarity; 1978, pp 69. |
| 6. | Wasserman K, Whipp BJ, Kayal SN, Beaver WL. Anacrobic threshold and respiratory gas exchange during exercise. J Appl Physiol 1973; 35:236-243.
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